Today marks the 50th anniversary of the start of the chemical warfare program in Vietnam without sufficient remedial action by the U.S. government.¿À´ÃÀº ¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÃæºÐÇÑ ½ÃÁ¤ Á¶Ä¡ ¾øÀÌ º£Æ®³²¿¡¼ ÈÇÐÀüÀÌ ½ÃÀÛµÈ Áö 50ÁÖ³âÀÌ µÇ´Â ³¯ÀÌ´Ù. One of the most shameful legacies of the Vietnam War, Agent Orange continues to poison Vietnam and the people exposed to the chemicals, as well as their offspring.º£Æ®³² ÀüÀïÀÇ °¡Àå ºÎ²ô·¯¿î À¯»ê Áß ÇϳªÀÎ ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»Áö´Â º£Æ®³²À» °è¼ÓÇؼ ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±× ÈÇÐ ¹°Áú¿¡ ³ëÃâµÈ »ç¶÷µé°ú ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕµéÀ» ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖ´Ù. H.R. 2634, the Victims of Agent Orange Relief Act of 2011, which California Congressman Bob Filner just introduced in the House, would provide crucial assistance for social and health services to Vietnamese, Vietnamese-American, and U.S. victims of Agent Orange.¹ä ÇÊ³Ê Ä¶¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ÇÏ¿ø ÀÇ¿øÀÌ ÇÏ¿ø¿¡¼ ¸· ¼Ò°³ÇÑ 2011³â AgentOrangeReliefActÀÇ Èñ»ýÀÚÀÎ HR2634´Â º£Æ®³²ÀÎ, º£Æ®³²ÀÎ, ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ, AgentOrangeÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ Èñ»ýÀڵ鿡°Ô »çȸ¿Í º¸°Ç ¼ºñ½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ Áß¿äÇÑ Áö¿øÀ» Á¦°øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
From 1961 to 1971, approximately 19 million gallons of herbicides, primarily Agent Orange, were sprayed over the southern region of Vietnam.1961³âºÎÅÍ 1971³â±îÁö ¾à 1,900¸¸ °¶·±ÀÇ Á¦ÃÊÁ¦°¡ º£Æ®³² ³²ºÎ Áö¿ª¿¡ »Ñ·ÁÁ³´Ù. Much of it was contaminated with dioxin, a deadly chemical.±×°ÍÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀº Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ ÈÇÐ ¹°ÁúÀÎ ´ÙÀÌ¿Á½Å¿¡ ¿À¿°µÇ¾ú´Ù. Dioxin causes various forms of cancers, reproductive illnesses, immune deficiencies, endocrine deficiencies, nervous system damage, and physical and developmental disabilities.´ÙÀÌ¿Á½ÅÀº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¾Ï, »ý½Ä Áúȯ, ¸é¿ª °áÇÌ, ³»ºÐºñ¼± °áÇÌ, ½Å°æ°è ¼Õ»ó ¹× ¹ßÀ° Àå¾Ö¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù.
In Vietnam more than three million people, and in the United States thousands of veterans, their children, and Vietnamese-Americans, have been sickened, disabled or died from the effects of Agent Orange/dioxin.º£Æ®³²¿¡¼´Â 300¸¸¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ, ±×¸®°í ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼´Â ¼öõ¸íÀÇ Å𿪠±ºÀεé, ±×µéÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵é, ±×¸®°í ºòÅ丮¾Æ ½Ã´ë ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀÌ ¿À¶û°Õ µð¿Á½Å ¿ä¿øÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î º´µé°Å³ª, ºÒ±¸°¡ µÇ°Å³ª, Á×¾ú´Ù.
Vietnamese of least three generations born since the war are now suffering from disabilities due to their parents¡¯ exposure to Agent Orange or from direct exposure in the environment.º£Æ®³²ÀεéÀº ÀüÀï ÀÌÈÄ ÅÂ¾î³ ÃÖ¼Ò 3´ëÀÇ º£Æ®³²ÀεéÀÌ ºÎ¸ðµéÀÌ ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»Áö¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ°Å³ª ȯ°æ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ³ëÃâµÇ¾î Àå¾Ö¸¦ °Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù. The organization representing Vietnam¡¯s victims, the Vietnam Association for Victims of Agent Orange/Dioxin, has set up some ¡®peace villages¡¯ to care for the severely disabled, but many more such facilities and services are needed.º£Æ®³²ÀÇ Èñ»ýÀÚµéÀ» ´ëÇ¥ÇÏ´Â ´ÜüÀÎ 'º£Æ®³² ÆòÈ ¸¶À» ¿¬ÇÕ'Àº ÁßÁõ Àå¾ÖÀεéÀ» µ¹º¸±â À§ÇØ ¸î¸î'ÆòÈ ¸¶À»'À» ¼³¸³ÇßÁö¸¸, ±×·¯ÇÑ ½Ã¼³°ú ¼ºñ½ºµéÀÌ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. Dioxin residues in the soil, sediment, and food continue to poison many people in 28 ¡°hot spots¡± in southern Vietnam.Åä¾ç, ħÀü¹°, À½½Ä¹°¿¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ´ÙÀÌ¿Á½ÅÀº º£Æ®³² ³²ºÎÀÇ 28°³ÀÇ " ¶ß°Å¿î Áö¿ª"¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀ» °è¼Ó Áßµ¶½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Many U.S. veterans suffer from effects of Agent Orange due to their exposure in Vietnam, as do their children and grandchildren.¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ ÂüÀü ¿ë»çµéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ³àµé°ú ¼ÕÀÚµéÀÌ ±×·¨µíÀÌ ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»ÁöÀÇ º£Æ®³²¿¡¼ÀÇ ³ëÃâ·Î ÀÎÇØ °íÅë ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Vietnamese-Americans exposed directly to Agent Orange and their offspring suffer from the same health conditions.¿À·»Áö ¿ä¿ø¿¡°Ô Á÷Á¢ ³ëÃâµÈ ºòÅ丮¾Æ ½Ã´ë ¹Ì±¹Àεé°ú ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ³àµéµµ °°Àº °Ç° »óŸ¦ °Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
The bill, which the Vietnamese Agent Orange Relief & Responsibility Campaign assisted Congressman Filner in writing, defines ¡°victim¡± as ¡°any individual who is a Vietnamese national, Vietnamese-American, or United States veteran who was exposed to Agent Orange, or the progeny of such an individual, and who has a disease or disability associated witº£Æ®³² AgentOrangeRelief&ResponsibilityCampaign°¡ FilnerÀÇ¿øÀÇ ¼¸éÀ» Áö¿øÇÑ ÀÌ ¹ý¾ÈÀº "ÇÇÇØÀÚ"¸¦ "AgentOrange¿¡ ³ëÃâµÈ º£Æ®³²ÀÎ, º£Æ®³²°è ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ ¶Ç´Â ¹Ì±¹ ÂüÀü ¿ë»ç, ±×¸®°í ±×·¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕÀ̸ç Áúº´À̳ª Àå¾Ö¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ÀçÄ¡°¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷"À¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. h this exposure.¡±hÀÌ ³ëÃâ." In addition to compensating the victims of Agent Orange, H.R. 2634 would also clean up the toxic hot spots in Vietnam.H.R.2634´Â ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»ÁöÀÇ Èñ»ýÀڵ鿡°Ô º¸»óÀ» ÇØ ÁÙ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó º£Æ®³²ÀÇ À¯µ¶ÇÑ ¶ß°Å¿î Áö¿ªÀ» û¼ÒÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
One provision of the bill would expand programs and research for the benefit of U.S. vets and establish medical centers ¡°designed to address the medical needs of descendants of the veterans of the Vietnam era.¡±¹ý¾ÈÀÇ ÇÑ Á¶Ç×Àº ¹Ì±¹ ÂüÀü ¿ë»çµéÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú ¿¬±¸¸¦ È®´ëÇÏ°í"º£Æ®³² ÂüÀü ¿ë»çµéÀÇ ÈļյéÀÇ ÀÇ·áÀû Çʿ並 ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ °í¾ÈµÈ "ÀÇ·á ¼¾Å͸¦ ¼³¸³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. This creates a presumption that certain birth defects that children and grandchildren of exposed victims suffer would be considered the result of contact with Agent Orange.ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³ëÃâµÈ Èñ»ýÀÚµéÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵é°ú ¼ÕÀÚµéÀÌ °Þ´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ¼±ÃµÀû °áÇÔµéÀÌ ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»Áö¿ÍÀÇ Á¢ÃËÀÇ °á°ú·Î °£ÁÖµÉ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ÃßÃøÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³½´Ù.
While the U.S. government has begun to fund environmental cleanup in Vietnam, it has refused to recognize its full responsibility to heal the wounds of war and provide assistance to Vietnamese, Vietnamese-American, and U.S. victims for the serious health and environmental devastation caused by Agent Orange.¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎ´Â º£Æ®³²¿¡¼ ȯ°æ Á¤È ÀÚ±ÝÀ» Áö¿øÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇßÁö¸¸, ÀüÀïÀÇ »óó¸¦ Ä¡À¯ÇÏ°í ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»Áö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ß±âµÈ ½É°¢ÇÑ °Ç°°ú ȯ°æ Æı«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º£Æ®³²ÀÎ, º£Æ®³²ÀÎ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ ±×¸®°í ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ Èñ»ýÀڵ鿡°Ô ¿øÁ¶¸¦ Á¦°øÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¸ðµç Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ÀÎÁ¤Çϱ⸦ °ÅºÎÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
There has been some compensation for U.S. veteran victims of Agent Orange, but not nearly enough.¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»ÁöÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ º£Å׶û Èñ»ýÀڵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ º¸»óÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸, ÃæºÐÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. In spite of President Richard Nixon¡¯s 1973 promise of $3.25 billion in reconstruction aid to Vietnam ¡°without any preconditions,¡± the Vietnamese and Vietnamese-American victims of the disgraceful chemical warfare the United States conducted in Vietnam have not seen one penny of compensation.¸®Ã³µå ´Ð½¼ ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ 1973³â º£Æ®³²¿¡ ¾Æ¹«·± ÀüÁ¦ Á¶°Ç ¾øÀÌ Àç°ÇÀ» Áö¿øÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í ¾à¼ÓÇßÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í, ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ º£Æ®³²¿¡¼ ÇàÇÑ ºÒ¸í¿¹½º·¯¿î ÈÇÐÀüÀÇ º£Æ®³²°ú º£Æ®³²°è ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ Èñ»ýÀÚµéÀº ´Ü ÇÑǬÀÇ º¸»óµµ ¹ÞÁö ¸ø Çß´Ù.
Fifty years is long enough.50³âÀ̸é ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù. It is high time to compensate the victims for this shameful chapter in our history.¿ì¸® ¿ª»ç»ó ÀÌ ºÎ²ô·¯¿î ½Ã±â¿¡ Èñ»ýÀڵ鿡°Ô º¸»óÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¶§ÀÌ´Ù. H.R. 2634 will go a long way toward doing just that.HR2634´Â ±×·¸°Ô Çϴµ¥ Å« µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Marjorie Cohn is co-coordinator of the Vietnam Agent Orange Relief and Responsibility Campaign (www.vn-agentorange.org).¸¶Á¶¸® ÄÜÀº º£Æ®³² ¿¡ÀÌÀüÆ® ¿À·»Áö ¸éÁ¦ ¹× Ã¥ÀÓ Ä·ÆäÀÎ °øµ¿ ÀÇÀåÀ» ¸Ã°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.